abstract：:In the last few years, the price of cigarettes has increased considerably in the USA. In addition, a number of states have also imposed smoking bans. These increases in the cost and barriers to smoking have created a natural experiment to study relationships between smoking and drinking behaviors. In this study, we em...

journal_title：Health economics

authors： Picone GA,Sloan F,Trogdon JG

更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We use National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY) data to examine the effects of obesity on wages by gender. Sample means indicate that both men and women experience a persistent obesity wage penalty over the first two decades of their careers. We then control for a standard set of socioeconomic and familial variabl...

journal_title：Health economics

authors： Baum CL 2nd,Ford WF

更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The objective of this paper is to determine the price sensitivity of smokers in their consumption of cigarettes, using evidence from a major increase in California cigarette prices due to Proposition 10 and the Tobacco Settlement. The study sample consists of individual survey data from Behavioral Risk Factor Survey (...

journal_title：Health economics

authors： Sheu ML,Hu TW,Keeler TE,Ong M,Sung HY

更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The EQ-5D general population valuation set (or 'tariff') is increasingly being used in the evaluation of health care interventions and has been recommended by the National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE) for use in cost-utility analyses of health technologies. To be of use to decision-makers, the health gain ...

journal_title：Health economics

authors： Roberts J,Dolan P

更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Government projections of future health care expenditures--a great concern given the aging baby-boom generation--are based on econometric regressions that control explicitly for age but do not control for end-of-life expenditures. Because expenditures increase dramatically on average at the end of life, predictions of...

journal_title：Health economics

authors： Stearns SC,Norton EC

更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper uses a full-information maximum likelihood estimation procedure, the Discrete Factor Method, to estimate the relationship between birthweight and prenatal care. This technique controls for the potential biases surrounding both the sample selection of the pregnancy-resolution decision and the endogeneity of ...

journal_title：Health economics

authors： Rous JJ,Jewell RT,Brown RW

更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Panel datasets provide a rich source of information for health economists, offering the scope to control for individual heterogeneity and to model the dynamics of individual behaviour. However the qualitative or categorical measures of outcome often used in health economics create special problems for estimating econo...

journal_title：Health economics

authors： Contoyannis P,Jones AM,Leon-Gonzalez R

更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper explores and critically discusses some of the methodological limitations of using the number-needed-to-treat (NNT) in economic evaluation. We argue that NNT may be a straightforward measure of benefit when the effect of an intervention is immediate, but that serious problems arise when the effect is delay r...

journal_title：Health economics

authors： Kristiansen IS,Gyrd-Hansen D

更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Contracts have played a central role in public sector reforms in developed countries over the last decade, and research increasingly highlights their varied nature. In low and middle income countries the use of contracts is encouraged but little attention has been paid to features of the setting that may influence the...

journal_title：Health economics

authors： Palmer N,Mills A

更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Systematic violations of expected utility theory (EU) have been reported in the context of both money and health outcomes. Rank-dependent utility theory (RDU) is currently the most popular and influential alternative theory of choice under circumstances of risk. This paper reports a test of the descriptive performance...

journal_title：Health economics

authors： Oliver A

更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Contingent valuation (CV) has been criticised for being too hypothetical, with expressed values bearing little relation to actual values. The magnitude of this divergence, however, depends upon how realistic and believable the contingent market is. This paper presents an overview of five key aspects in the constructio...

journal_title：Health economics

authors： Smith RD

更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Perceived quality of private and public health care, income and insurance premium are among the determinants of demand for private health insurance (PHI). In the context of a model in which individuals are expected utility maximizers, the non purchasing choice can result in consuming either public health care or priva...

journal_title：Health economics

authors： Costa J,García J

更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In recent work, the concentration index has been widely used as a measure of income-related health inequality. The purpose of this note is to illustrate two different methods for decomposing the overall health concentration index using data collected from a Short Form (SF-36) survey of the general Australian populatio...

journal_title：Health economics

authors： Clarke PM,Gerdtham UG,Connelly LB

更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Widespread use of antibiotics is considered the major driving force behind the development of antibiotic resistance. The benefits of exceeding the welfare-maximizing level of antibiotic use are below the costs of resistance created by this excess quantity of antibiotics used, thereby resulting in a welfare deadweight ...

journal_title：Health economics

authors： Elbasha EH

更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The usual implementation of contingent valuation (CV), in the context of priorities setting for allocation of public funds in health care, is to develop as many surveys as there are programmes, i.e. to perform separate evaluations (SE). In the EuroWill project, three health programmes (for heart disease, breast cancer...

journal_title：Health economics

authors： Luchini S,Protière C,Moatti JP

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Suicide rates for adolescents have doubled since 1970 and tripled since 1960, even as rates for other age groups have declined. Using a Becker-type model of household production and consumption, we demonstrate conditions under which utility maximizing parents allocate time away from time-intensive commodities like chi...

journal_title：Health economics

authors： Mathur VK,Freeman DG

更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In recent years, the US health care industry has experienced a rapid growth of managed care, formation of networks, and an integration of hospitals. This paper provides new insights about the quality consequences of this dynamic in US hospital markets. I empirically investigate the impact of managed care and hospital ...

journal_title：Health economics

authors： Sari N

更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Epidemiological studies indicate that minority populations in the US - including African Americans, Native Americans and Mexican Americans - are particularly at risk for diabetes and that their complications are more frequent and severe. Using microdata from a 1994-1999 population based study of middle aged and older ...

journal_title：Health economics

authors： Bastida E,Pagán JA

更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The problem of estimating expected outcomes for the economic evaluation of treatments for which the outcome of principal interest is (quality adjusted) survival time has so far not received sufficient attention in the literature. The best estimate of expected survival is mean survival time, but with censored survival ...

journal_title：Health economics

authors： Neymark N,Adriaenssen I,Gorlia T,Caleo S,Bolla M

更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this study, the convergent validity of the contingent valuation method (CVM) and travel cost method (TCM) is tested by comparing estimates of the willingness to pay (WTP) for improving access to mammographic screening in rural areas of Australia. It is based on a telephone survey of 458 women in 19 towns, in which ...

journal_title：Health economics

authors： Clarke PM

更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Discrete-time Markov chains have been successfully used to investigate treatment programs and health care protocols for chronic diseases. In these situations, the transition matrix, which describes the natural progression of the disease, is often estimated from a cohort observed at common intervals. Estimation of the ...

journal_title：Health economics

authors： Craig BA,Sendi PP

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Much recent research interest has focused on handling uncertainty in cost-effectiveness analysis and in particular the calculation of confidence intervals for incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs). Problems of interpretation when ICERs are negative have led to two important and related developments: the use of...

journal_title：Health economics

authors： Sendi PP,Briggs AH

更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper directly compares the relative sensitivity of time-trade-off (TTO) and willingness-to-pay (WTP) values obtained for various levels of change in health status. This was achieved by administering a TTO and WTP survey to a population of 50 subjects, assessing their valuation of various degrees of change in hea...

journal_title：Health economics

authors： Smith RD

更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:I have developed a random effects probit model in which the distribution of the random intercept is approximated by a discrete density. Monte Carlo results show that only three to four points of support are required for the discrete density to closely mimic normal and chi-squared densities and provide unbiased estimat...

journal_title：Health economics

authors： Deb P

更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A source of controversy in the economic literature concerns whether to include or exclude future medical care costs when computing attributable costs for lifesaving interventions. Although it is hypothesized that including future medical care costs will offset the cost savings achieved through prevention, the magnitud...

journal_title：Health economics

authors： Etzioni R,Ramsey SD,Berry K,Brown M

更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The long-distance travellers could be important to any cost-benefit assessment of policies to increase or improve local resources. This study examines the out-of-area hospital admission pattern for patients with Ambulatory Care Sensitive (ACS) conditions, also known as preventable conditions. The availability of local...

journal_title：Health economics

authors： Basu J,Friedman B

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Limited health care budgets have emphasized the need for providers to use resources efficiently. Accordingly, there has been a rapid increase in the number of economic evaluations of communicable disease health programmes in developing countries, as there is a need to implement evidence-based policy decisions. However...

journal_title：Health economics

authors： Walker D,Fox-Rushby JA

更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A variety of contract types are used in the placement of elderly people in residential and nursing care homes in the UK. Contracts vary according to how and when providers are paid. Among other things, prices can be made contingent on the total quantity of service to be purchased and on production cost characteristics...

journal_title：Health economics

authors： Forder J,Netten A

更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Statistical analysis of cost data is often difficult because of highly skewed data resulting from a few patients who incur high costs relative to the majority of patients. When the objective is to predict the cost for an individual patient, the literature suggests that one should choose a regression model based on the...

journal_title：Health economics

authors： Andersen CK,Andersen K,Kragh-Sørensen P

更新日期：2000-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Both Medicare and Medicaid are reducing payments to hospitals, and there is widespread concern that hospitals may respond by increasing prices to privately insured patients. Theoretical models of hospital behaviour have ambiguous predictions as to whether, and under what circumstances, hospitals will shift costs to pr...

journal_title：Health economics

authors： Zwanziger J,Melnick GA,Bamezai A

更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:QALY maximization is sometimes criticized for being 'ageist', because, other things being equal, the elderly, with a shorter life expectancy, will be given lower priority. On the other hand, there are philosophical arguments that, for different reasons, advocate rationing health care to the elderly, even when the size...

journal_title：Health economics

authors： Tsuchiya A

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is common to find specially constructed condition-specific health state descriptions used as the basis for benefit assessment in cost-utility analysis. For this approach to be valid it is necessary to have valid descriptors of health states. Yet the evidence demonstrating descriptive validity has been neglected in ...

journal_title：Health economics

authors： Gerard K,Johnston K,Brown J

更新日期：1999-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Setting risk-adjusted capitation rates in health systems with centralized financing and decentralized delivery is one of the most intriguing policy issues. The common practice to set capitation group rates is based on individual data collected from either population surveys or medical records, using a single-and in mo...

journal_title：Health economics

authors： Shmueli A

更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:With the aging of society, issues concerning the reform of the Dutch health care system are ranked high on the political agenda. Sensible reforms of the health care system for the elderly require a thorough understanding of the health status of the old and of its dynamics preceding death. The health status of the elde...

journal_title：Health economics

authors： Portrait F,Lindeboom M,Deeg D

更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The aim of this paper is to briefly outline a Bayesian approach to cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA). Historically, frequentists have been cautious of Bayesian methodology, which is often held as synonymous with a subjective approach to statistical analysis. In this paper, the potential overlap between Bayesian and fr...

journal_title：Health economics

authors： Briggs AH

更新日期：1999-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Both incremental cost-effectiveness ratios and net benefits have been proposed as summary measures for use in cost-effectiveness analyses. We present a unifying proof of the optimality and equivalence of ICER- and net benefit-based approaches to the health resource allocation problem, including both 'fixed budget' and...

journal_title：Health economics

authors： Laska EM,Meisner M,Siegel C,Stinnett AA

更新日期：1999-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Appreciating how the propensity to be immunized against the flu depends on individual characteristics and environments is essential for policies regarding influenza control to be formulated sensibly. To this point, the literature has offered little documentation on the determinants of influenza immunization. Beyond ep...

journal_title：Health economics

authors： Mullahy J

更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Levels of alcohol consumption tend to be similar for individuals living in the same household. This may be because: (a) individuals with similar characteristics collect in households (correlated effects); (b) individuals in the same household are influenced by common factors (exogenous effects); and/or (c) the consump...

journal_title：Health economics

authors： Rice N,Sutton M

更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this paper, the determinants of growth of aggregate health expenditures are investigated. The study departs from previous literature in that it looks at differences across countries in growth (and not levels) of health care expenditures. Estimation is made for 24 OECD countries. Health system characteristics usuall...

journal_title：Health economics

authors： Barros PP

更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We exploit the similarity between the problem of risk adjustment with prospective reimbursement schemes in the health care sector and the problem of fair compensation analysed in the social choice literature. The starting point is the distinction between two sets of variables in the explanation of medical expenditures...

journal_title：Health economics

authors： Schokkaert E,Dhaene G,Van de Voorde C

更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00